This passive beamforming topology is not well known but is widely used – a common situation in the RF world. Part 1 was an introduction to the electronic steering of an antenna beam and the Butler matrix; this part continues the investigation. Q: The Butler passive arrangement seems simpler; why not use it in all…
FAQ on the Butler matrix for beamforming: part 1
This passive beamforming topology is not well known but is widely used — a common situation in the RF world. For many years, radar applications defined much of the world of directional antennas. These antennas were designed with a fixed directivity or rotated in a steady pattern at a known rate, as seen in Figure…
Directional coupler covers 500 MHz to 2 GHz
Model 251-088-030 is a 50 Ohm directional coupler that covers a 500 – 2000 MHz frequency range and features a 30 dB coupling value. The frequency sensitivity is ± 0.75 dB maximum, insertion loss is 0.4 dB maximum, and directivity is 20 dB minimum. Maximum VSWR is 1.25:1, RF input power is 50 Watts average…
How Doherty Amplifiers improve PA efficiency
An amplifier design from 1936 gets a revival by reducing power consumption in cellular radios.